{"id":403041,"date":"2021-10-12T06:53:31","date_gmt":"2021-10-12T03:53:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kinsta.unitedwithisrael.org\/?p=403041"},"modified":"2021-10-12T15:51:56","modified_gmt":"2021-10-12T12:51:56","slug":"le-prix-nobel-deconomie-2021-remporte-par-lisraelo-americain-joshua-angrist","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kinsta.unitedwithisrael.org\/fr\/le-prix-nobel-deconomie-2021-remporte-par-lisraelo-americain-joshua-angrist\/","title":{"rendered":"Le prix Nobel d’\u00e9conomie 2021 remport\u00e9 par l’isra\u00e9lo-am\u00e9ricain Joshua Angrist"},"content":{"rendered":"

L’\u00e9conomiste isra\u00e9lo-am\u00e9ricain Joshua Angrist a re\u00e7u lundi ce prix Nobel d’\u00e9conomie 2021 avec David Card et Guido Imbens pour avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 le pionnier de l’utilisation des \u00ab\u00a0exp\u00e9riences naturelles\u00a0\u00bb pour comprendre les effets causaux de la politique \u00e9conomique et d’autres \u00e9v\u00e9nements.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Source : Iton Gadol<\/em><\/p>\n

Les exp\u00e9rimentations naturelles utilisent des situations r\u00e9elles pour calculer les impacts sur le monde, une approche qui s’est \u00e9tendue \u00e0 d’autres domaines et a r\u00e9volutionn\u00e9 la recherche empirique.<\/p>\n

Le prix, officiellement connu sous le nom de Prix Sveriges Riksbank en sciences \u00e9conomiques \u00e0 la m\u00e9moire d’Alfred Nobel, est le dernier de la r\u00e9colte Nobel de cette ann\u00e9e et les laur\u00e9ats se partagent une somme de 10 millions de couronnes su\u00e9doises (1,14 million de dollars).<\/p>\n

David Card, n\u00e9 au Canada, 65 ans, professeur d’\u00e9conomie \u00e0 l’Universit\u00e9 de Berkeley, en Californie, a remport\u00e9 la moiti\u00e9 du prix \u00ab\u00a0pour ses contributions empiriques \u00e0 l’\u00e9conomie du travail<\/em>\u00ab\u00a0, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 l’acad\u00e9mie. Angrist et Imbens, dont le dernier a 58 ans et est professeur d’\u00e9conomie \u00e0 la Stanford Graduate School of Business, se sont partag\u00e9 l’autre moiti\u00e9 \u00ab\u00a0pour leurs contributions m\u00e9thodologiques \u00e0 l’analyse des relations causales<\/em>\u00ab\u00a0.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0J’\u00e9tais absolument stup\u00e9fait de recevoir un appel t\u00e9l\u00e9phonique, puis j’\u00e9tais absolument ravi d’apprendre la nouvelle\u00a0\u00bb<\/em>, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Imbens lors d’un appel avec des journalistes \u00e0 Stockholm, ajoutant qu’il \u00e9tait ravi de partager le prix avec deux de ses bons amis. Angrist \u00e9tait le t\u00e9moin de son mariage.<\/p>\n

L’Institut Nobel a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 dans un communiqu\u00e9 que les trois laur\u00e9ats leur avaient fourni \u00ab\u00a0fourni de nouvelles informations sur le march\u00e9 du travail et nous ont montr\u00e9 quelles conclusions sur les causes et les effets peuvent \u00eatre tir\u00e9es d’exp\u00e9riences naturelles<\/em>\u00ab\u00a0, a rapport\u00e9 NBC.<\/p>\n

Le compte Twitter officiel d’Isra\u00ebl, g\u00e9r\u00e9 par le minist\u00e8re des Affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res, a f\u00e9licit\u00e9 Angrist, 61 ans, pour son exploit.<\/p>\n

N\u00e9 \u00e0 Columbus, dans l’Ohio, Angrist a obtenu sa ma\u00eetrise et son doctorat en \u00e9conomie de l’Universit\u00e9 de Princeton en 1987 et 1989, respectivement. Il a ensuite travaill\u00e9 \u00e0 la fois \u00e0 l’Universit\u00e9 Harvard et \u00e0 l’Universit\u00e9 h\u00e9bra\u00efque de J\u00e9rusalem avant de finalement rejoindre le Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), o\u00f9 il demeure aujourd’hui.<\/p>\n

Tout au long de sa carri\u00e8re, il a men\u00e9 de nombreuses \u00e9tudes sur l’\u00e9conomie du travail et l’\u00e9conomie de l’\u00e9ducation, ces derni\u00e8res l’ayant conduit \u00e0 \u00e9tudier dans des \u00e9coles en Isra\u00ebl, en Cisjordanie, \u00e0 Gaza, aux \u00c9tats-Unis, en Colombie et au Canada. Mais ce qui peut \u00eatre sa r\u00e9alisation la plus importante a \u00e9t\u00e9 sa contribution \u00e0 l’\u00e9conom\u00e9trie.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Pour la plupart, en \u00e9conomie, nous n’avons pas de conditions de laboratoire pour nos \u00e9tudes<\/em>\u00ab\u00a0, a expliqu\u00e9 l’\u00e9conomiste et ancien d\u00e9put\u00e9 Manuel Trajtenberg. \u00ab Nous devons d\u00e9m\u00ealer la cause et l’effet des donn\u00e9es parce que nous n’avons pas de conditions de laboratoire. Mais \u00e0 la fin des ann\u00e9es 1980, Angrist, avec quelques autres, bien qu’il ait \u00e9t\u00e9 le principal contributeur, a d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 une m\u00e9thodologie pour faire exactement cela. <\/em>\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Trajtenberg a f\u00e9licit\u00e9 Angrist pour sa r\u00e9ussite, affirmant qu’il \u00ab\u00a0le m\u00e9ritait assur\u00e9ment<\/em>\u00ab\u00a0.
\n\u00ab\u00a0C’est un grand honneur pour Isra\u00ebl d’avoir remport\u00e9 le prix Nobel.<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Angrist a eu une carri\u00e8re active, continuant \u00e0 \u00e9crire des articles et \u00e0 donner des s\u00e9minaires, ainsi qu’\u00e0 lancer une s\u00e9rie de vid\u00e9os de questions-r\u00e9ponses via la Marvinal Revolution University sur des questions courantes et des id\u00e9es fausses sur l’\u00e9conomie, qui peuvent \u00eatre visionn\u00e9es sur YouTube.<\/p>\n

Ce n’\u00e9tait pas la premi\u00e8re fois qu’Angrist \u00e9tait nomin\u00e9 pour un prix Nobel, car il faisait partie des favoris en 2019, avec son compatriote isra\u00e9lien Elhanan Helpman, a rapport\u00e9 l’Associated Press \u00e0 l’\u00e9poque.<\/p>\n

Angrist est \u00e9galement le treizi\u00e8me isra\u00e9lien \u00e0 remporter un prix Nobel et le troisi\u00e8me \u00e0 le remporter en \u00e9conomie. Les deux autres \u00e0 l’avoir fait sont Daniel Kahneman, qui a remport\u00e9 le prix en 2002 pour l’int\u00e9gration des connaissances de la psychologie dans l’\u00e9conomie, et Robert Aumann, qui a remport\u00e9 le prix en 2005 pour ses travaux sur la th\u00e9orie des jeux.<\/p>\n

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L’\u00e9conomiste isra\u00e9lo-am\u00e9ricain Joshua Angrist a re\u00e7u lundi ce prix Nobel d’\u00e9conomie 2021 avec David Card et Guido Imbens pour avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 le pionnier de l’utilisation des \u00ab\u00a0exp\u00e9riences naturelles\u00a0\u00bb pour comprendre les effets causaux de la politique \u00e9conomique et d’autres \u00e9v\u00e9nements. Source : Iton Gadol Les exp\u00e9rimentations naturelles utilisent des situations r\u00e9elles pour calculer les impacts… Read more »<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4242,"featured_media":263676,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[28414],"tags":[28758,42308,40120,29553],"class_list":["post-403041","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-influence-israelienne","tag-economie","tag-joshua-angrist-fr","tag-prix-nobel","tag-victoire"],"better_featured_image":{"id":263676,"alt_text":"Israeli 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