{"id":329221,"date":"2020-01-15T17:01:02","date_gmt":"2020-01-15T14:01:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kinsta.unitedwithisrael.org\/?p=329221"},"modified":"2020-01-15T16:38:19","modified_gmt":"2020-01-15T13:38:19","slug":"une-innovation-israelienne-permet-aux-bebes-prematures-de-respirer-sans-risque","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kinsta.unitedwithisrael.org\/fr\/une-innovation-israelienne-permet-aux-bebes-prematures-de-respirer-sans-risque\/","title":{"rendered":"Une innovation isra\u00e9lienne permet aux b\u00e9b\u00e9s pr\u00e9matur\u00e9s de respirer sans risque!"},"content":{"rendered":"

L’innovation r\u00e9volutionaire permettra de prot\u00e9ger le syst\u00e8me respiratoire des enfants n\u00e9s pr\u00e9matur\u00e9ment.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Par l’\u00e9quipe d’Unis avec Isra\u00ebl<\/em><\/p>\n

Des chercheurs de l’Institut isra\u00e9lien de technologie-Technion ont mis au point une nouvelle technologie permettant de prot\u00e9ger le syst\u00e8me respiratoire des b\u00e9b\u00e9s pr\u00e9matur\u00e9s n\u00e9cessitant une ventilation assist\u00e9e, a-t-on annonc\u00e9 jeudi. Le rapport est publi\u00e9 dans Interface Journal of The Royal Society.<\/p>\n

Environ 10% des naissances \u00e0 travers le monde se produisent de mani\u00e8re pr\u00e9matur\u00e9e. Bien que, chez tous les nourrissons, les organes ne fonctionnent que de mani\u00e8re limit\u00e9e, le ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne est particuli\u00e8rement prononc\u00e9 chez les b\u00e9b\u00e9s pr\u00e9matur\u00e9s, en particulier en ce qui concerne leur syst\u00e8me respiratoire.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0La naissance pr\u00e9matur\u00e9e est souvent caract\u00e9ris\u00e9e par une d\u00e9tresse respiratoire, due en partie \u00e0 l’absence d’une substance savonneuse unique (surfactant), qui emp\u00eache l’affaissement des poumons et facilite la respiration\u00a0\u00bb<\/em>, a expliqu\u00e9 le Technion \u00e0 travers un communiqu\u00e9.<\/p>\n

La recherche, men\u00e9e par le doctorant Eliram Nof et le Professeur Josu\u00e9 Sznitman de la Facult\u00e9 de g\u00e9nie biom\u00e9dical du Technion, en collaboration avec le professeur Dan Waisman, directeur de l’unit\u00e9 des nouveau-n\u00e9s du Carmel Medical Center, a cr\u00e9\u00e9 un \u00ab\u00a0nouveau mod\u00e8le artificiel de pr\u00e9matur\u00e9s [qui ] facilitera les exp\u00e9riences qui pourraient r\u00e9duire les blessures des nourrissons sous respirateurs artificiels<\/em>.\u00a0\u00bb Elle comprend un \u00abpoumon\u00bb des voies a\u00e9riennes sup\u00e9rieures reconstruit pour aider \u00e0 la recherche exp\u00e9rimentale.<\/p>\n

La forme actuelle de ventilation pour les pr\u00e9matur\u00e9s peut endommager le tissu pulmonaire. \u00ab\u00a0Il n’y a pas de standardisation pour choisir les param\u00e8tres de fonctionnement du ventilateur comme le pourcentage d’oxyg\u00e8ne dans l’air infus\u00e9, le volume d’air, la pression, le d\u00e9bit, etc<\/em>.\u00a0\u00bb, selon le communiqu\u00e9. \u00ab\u00a0Les m\u00e9decins font de leur mieux pour effectuer des ajustements en fonction de l’\u00e9tat de chaque nourrisson et pour minimiser les blessures. Malgr\u00e9 cela, de nombreux nourrissons sont bless\u00e9s au cours de ce processus qui constitue n\u00e9anmoins une question de survie\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/p>\n

Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la mod\u00e9lisation math\u00e9matique des flux d’air respiratoire, Nof et Sznitman \u00ab\u00a0ont d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 un mod\u00e8le physique en silicone qui simule – en 3D et en taille r\u00e9elle – les voies respiratoires sup\u00e9rieures d’un b\u00e9b\u00e9 pr\u00e9matur\u00e9<\/em>\u00ab\u00a0.<\/p>\n

Cela a conduit \u00e0 la d\u00e9couverte d’un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne non mentionn\u00e9 dans la litt\u00e9rature m\u00e9dicale. Un jet d’air situ\u00e9 \u00e0 la sortie du tube ins\u00e9r\u00e9 dans la bouche d’un b\u00e9b\u00e9 pourrait causer des dommages chez le nourrisson.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Jusqu’\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent, on savait que le tube pouvait causer des blessures abrasives sur les tissus d\u00e9licats, mais les effets du flux d’air \u00e9taient n\u00e9glig\u00e9s\u00a0\u00bb<\/em>, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Nof, selon le communiqu\u00e9. \u00abDans la pr\u00e9sente \u00e9tude, nous avons d\u00e9couvert pour la premi\u00e8re fois qu’en raison de son emplacement \u00e0 l’int\u00e9rieur de la trach\u00e9e du b\u00e9b\u00e9, ce jet exer\u00e7ait de fortes forces de cisaillement sur le tissu \u00e9pith\u00e9lial – la couche de cellules qui recouvre les voies respiratoires sup\u00e9rieures. Ces forces peuvent causer des dommages, y compris une inflammation, qui constituent un risque r\u00e9el pour le b\u00e9b\u00e9 pr\u00e9matur\u00e9.<\/em> \u00bb<\/p>\n

De mani\u00e8re impressionnante, les chercheurs \u00ab\u00a0ont maintenant l’intention de faire cro\u00eetre des cellules biologiques vivantes sur le mod\u00e8le et d’examiner l’effet du jet sur elles<\/em>\u00ab\u00a0.<\/p>\n

Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 ces d\u00e9couvertes r\u00e9volutionnaires, les chercheurs recommandent des am\u00e9liorations dans les protocoles respiratoires, y compris une configuration am\u00e9lior\u00e9e du flux d’air dans le b\u00e9b\u00e9 pour r\u00e9duire les dommages et am\u00e9liorer les chances de d\u00e9velopper un syst\u00e8me respiratoire appropri\u00e9.<\/p>\n

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L’innovation r\u00e9volutionaire permettra de prot\u00e9ger le syst\u00e8me respiratoire des enfants n\u00e9s pr\u00e9matur\u00e9ment. Par l’\u00e9quipe d’Unis avec Isra\u00ebl Des chercheurs de l’Institut isra\u00e9lien de technologie-Technion ont mis au point une nouvelle technologie permettant de prot\u00e9ger le syst\u00e8me respiratoire des b\u00e9b\u00e9s pr\u00e9matur\u00e9s n\u00e9cessitant une ventilation assist\u00e9e, a-t-on annonc\u00e9 jeudi. Le rapport est publi\u00e9 dans Interface Journal of… Read more »<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4242,"featured_media":267660,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[28414],"tags":[36508,30152,34248,32339,37226,29783,28445],"class_list":["post-329221","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-influence-israelienne","tag-bebes-fr","tag-chercheurs","tag-innovation-fr","tag-nourrissons","tag-prematures","tag-sante","tag-technologie"],"better_featured_image":{"id":267660,"alt_text":"Premature baby","caption":"Premature baby (Shutterstock)","description":"Premature baby 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