{"id":321422,"date":"2019-11-18T22:49:36","date_gmt":"2019-11-18T19:49:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kinsta.unitedwithisrael.org\/?p=321422"},"modified":"2019-11-19T11:55:31","modified_gmt":"2019-11-19T08:55:31","slug":"historiqueles-etats-unis-ne-considerent-plus-les-implantations-israeliennes-en-judee-samarie-comme-illegales","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kinsta.unitedwithisrael.org\/fr\/historiqueles-etats-unis-ne-considerent-plus-les-implantations-israeliennes-en-judee-samarie-comme-illegales\/","title":{"rendered":"HISTORIQUE:Les Etats-Unis ne consid\u00e8rent plus les implantations isra\u00e9liennes en Jud\u00e9e Samarie comme ill\u00e9gales!"},"content":{"rendered":"

Le secr\u00e9taire d’Etat am\u00e9ricain Pompeo a annonc\u00e9 lundi que les Etats-Unis ne consid\u00e9raient plus les communaut\u00e9s isra\u00e9liennes en Jud\u00e9e-Samarie comme\u00a0\u00bbill\u00e9gales\u00a0\u00bb.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Par World Israel News et AP<\/em><\/p>\n

Lundi, le secr\u00e9taire d’Etat am\u00e9ricain Mike Pompeo a r\u00e9voqu\u00e9 un avis rendu en 1978 par le d\u00e9partement d’\u00c9tat am\u00e9ricain, intitul\u00e9 M\u00e9morandum Hansell, selon lequel les colonies de peuplement civiles en Jud\u00e9e-Samarie sont \u00ab\u00a0incompatibles avec le droit international\u00a0\u00bb<\/em>. Une d\u00e9cision qui risque bien d’agacer les palestiniens et opposer les Etats-Unis aux autres nations adoptant une position diff\u00e9rente.<\/p>\n

Selon un rapport du Jerusalem Post, le bureau juridique du d\u00e9partement d\u2019Etat a entrepris un examen du m\u00e9mo Hansell d\u2019un an et a rencontr\u00e9 des experts en droit international et des repr\u00e9sentants de divers gouvernements.<\/p>\n

Le d\u00e9partement d’\u00c9tat a publi\u00e9 le m\u00e9mo Hansell en 1978 sous l’administration Carter, mais le pr\u00e9sident Ronald Reagan a rejet\u00e9 sa conclusion en 1981.<\/p>\n

Le D\u00e9partement d’\u00c9tat a entrepris l’examen du m\u00e9mo. En d\u00e9cembre 2016, l’administration Obama a facilit\u00e9 l’adoption par le Conseil de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des Nations Unies de la r\u00e9solution 2334 en d\u00e9cembre 2016, qui condamnait les communaut\u00e9s juives de Jud\u00e9e-Samarie comme des \u00ab\u00a0violations flagrantes<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb du droit international et \u00ab\u00a0sans validit\u00e9 juridique<\/em>\u00ab\u00a0, a rapport\u00e9 The Post.<\/p>\n

Selon Pompeo, l\u2019administration Trump a conclu que le Hansell Memo constituait une distraction et que toute d\u00e9cision judiciaire sur la question pouvait \u00eatre r\u00e9solue par les tribunaux isra\u00e9liens, selon un projet de d\u00e9claration de Pompeo obtenu par The Associated Press.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Le fait de d\u00e9signer l’\u00e9tablissement de colonies de peuplement civiles comme incompatible avec le droit international n’a pas fait avancer la cause de la paix\u00a0\u00bb<\/em>, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Pompeo. \u00abLa dure v\u00e9rit\u00e9, c\u2019est qu\u2019il n\u2019y aura jamais de solution judiciaire au conflit, et les arguments sur l\u2019identit\u00e9 de qui a raison et qui a tort en mati\u00e8re de droit international n\u2019apporteront pas la paix.<\/em>\u00bb<\/p>\n

Les politiques am\u00e9ricaines ant\u00e9rieures sous l\u2019administration Trump comprenaient la d\u00e9cision de reconna\u00eetre J\u00e9rusalem comme capitale isra\u00e9lienne, le mouvement de l\u2019ambassade am\u00e9ricaine dans cette ville et la fermeture du bureau diplomatique palestinien \u00e0 Washington.<\/p>\n

Selon un rapport publi\u00e9 en 2019 par l’entit\u00e9 am\u00e9ricaine Bet El Institutions, li\u00e9e \u00e0 l’ambassadeur am\u00e9ricain en Isra\u00ebl, David Friedman, le nombre de membres des communaut\u00e9s juives de Jud\u00e9e-Samarie a atteint 449 508 au 1er janvier 2019, en hausse de 3,3% par rapport \u00e0 435 159 personnes en un an plus t\u00f4t.<\/p>\n

Bien que la d\u00e9cision de l’administration Trump soit en grande partie symbolique, elle pourrait \u00e9galement donner un coup de pouce au Premier ministre isra\u00e9lien Benjamin Netanyahou, qui se bat pour sa survie politique apr\u00e8s avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 incapable de former un gouvernement de coalition suite aux r\u00e9centes \u00e9lections.<\/p>\n

En outre, cela pourrait entra\u00eener de nouveaux probl\u00e8mes pour le plan de paix au Moyen-Orient de l\u2019administration Trump.<\/p>\n

La semaine derni\u00e8re, la Cour Europ\u00e9enne de Justice a jug\u00e9 que les produits fabriqu\u00e9s dans les communaut\u00e9s juives de Jud\u00e9e-Samarie devaient porter une \u00e9tiquette sp\u00e9ciale indiquant leur origine.<\/p>\n

Pompeo a annonc\u00e9 que les Etats-Unis ne prenaient pas position sur la l\u00e9galit\u00e9 de communaut\u00e9s sp\u00e9cifiques et que la nouvelle politique ne s’\u00e9tendrait pas au-del\u00e0 de la Jud\u00e9e-Samarie \u00e0 d\u2019autres conflits territoriaux.<\/p>\n

Ce changement est une victoire pour Netanyahou, soutien de longue date des communaut\u00e9s juives de Jud\u00e9e-Samarie, qui avait \u00e9t\u00e9 fortement soutenu par l\u2019Ambassadeur Friedman. Friedman \u00e9tait une importante source de financement des communaut\u00e9s juives de Jud\u00e9e-Samarie avant de devenir ambassadeur.<\/p>\n

Isra\u00ebl a conquis la Jud\u00e9e-Samarie, y compris les parties orientales de J\u00e9rusalem, lors de la guerre des Six jours en 1967, conflit au cours duquel quatre \u00c9tats arabes ont attaqu\u00e9 Isra\u00ebl. Isra\u00ebl a vaincu tous les agresseurs arabes dans le conflit.<\/p>\n

Apr\u00e8s la guerre, Isra\u00ebl a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 une \u00abJ\u00e9rusalem unie<\/em>\u00bb, recouvrant l’acc\u00e8s au site le plus sacr\u00e9 du juda\u00efsme, le mont du Temple, y compris la structure du mur occidental.<\/p>\n

Isra\u00ebl n’a toujours pas annex\u00e9 la Jud\u00e9e-Samarie, malgr\u00e9 les centaines de milliers de Juifs qui y habitent.<\/p>\n

L’Autorit\u00e9 Palestinienne, qui n’a pas tenu d’\u00e9lections depuis 2006, affirme que le territoire situ\u00e9 en Jud\u00e9e-Samarie fera partie d’un futur \u00c9tat ind\u00e9pendant.<\/p>\n

De nombreux Isra\u00e9liens affirment que le soutien ouvert de l’Autorit\u00e9 Palestinienne au terrorisme, outre le petit nombre de groupes terroristes palestiniens avec lesquels elle se fait concurrence, tels que le Hamas et le Jihad islamique, fait de la perspective d’un \u00c9tat palestinien autonome aux fronti\u00e8res d’Isra\u00ebl une menace majeure pour la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 .<\/p>\n

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\"Donate<\/a><\/div><\/ad-shortcode><\/non-auwi>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le secr\u00e9taire d’Etat am\u00e9ricain Pompeo a annonc\u00e9 lundi que les Etats-Unis ne consid\u00e9raient plus les communaut\u00e9s isra\u00e9liennes en Jud\u00e9e-Samarie comme\u00a0\u00bbill\u00e9gales\u00a0\u00bb. Par World Israel News et AP Lundi, le secr\u00e9taire d’Etat am\u00e9ricain Mike Pompeo a r\u00e9voqu\u00e9 un avis rendu en 1978 par le d\u00e9partement d’\u00c9tat am\u00e9ricain, intitul\u00e9 M\u00e9morandum Hansell, selon lequel les colonies de peuplement civiles… Read more »<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4242,"featured_media":265258,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[28411],"tags":[33215,28511,33795,34024,30375,28545,36515],"class_list":["post-321422","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-conflit-arabo-israelien","tag-droit-international","tag-etats-unis","tag-implentations","tag-judea-and-samaria-fr","tag-judee-samarie","tag-netanyahou","tag-pompeo-fr"],"better_featured_image":{"id":265258,"alt_text":"Mike Pompeo","caption":"Secretary of State Mike Pompeo (AP\/Mark J. 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