{"id":306248,"date":"2019-07-14T10:44:58","date_gmt":"2019-07-14T07:44:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kinsta.unitedwithisrael.org\/?p=306248"},"modified":"2019-07-14T16:18:44","modified_gmt":"2019-07-14T13:18:44","slug":"israel-fait-une-avancee-revolutionnaire-dans-le-domaine-de-la-resistance-aux-antibiotiques","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kinsta.unitedwithisrael.org\/fr\/israel-fait-une-avancee-revolutionnaire-dans-le-domaine-de-la-resistance-aux-antibiotiques\/","title":{"rendered":"Isra\u00ebl fait une avanc\u00e9e r\u00e9volutionnaire dans le domaine de la r\u00e9sistance aux antibiotiques!"},"content":{"rendered":"

Les scientifiques isra\u00e9liens ont recours \u00e0 l’apprentissage automatique et \u00e0 l’analyse de donn\u00e9es volumineuses pour sugg\u00e9rer le meilleur antibiotique pour chaque patient en fonction de divers facteurs.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Par Abigail Klein Leichman, ISRAEL21c<\/em><\/p>\n

Une technologie innovante mise au point par des chercheurs de l’Institut de technologie Technion-Isra\u00ebl et de l’Institut de recherche et d’innovation Kahn-Sagol-Maccabi pourrait am\u00e9liorer le traitement aux antibiotiques et entraver le d\u00e9veloppement de bact\u00e9ries r\u00e9sistantes.<\/p>\n

La technologie, \u00e0 travers une \u00e9tude publi\u00e9e dans Nature Medicine, est le fruit d’une collaboration unique entre l\u2019Institut KSM du Maccabi, dirig\u00e9 par Varda Shalev, et les chercheurs de Technion, Roy Kishony et Idan Yelin.<\/p>\n

La surutilisation d’antibiotiques \u00e0 large spectre a conduit les bact\u00e9ries \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper une r\u00e9sistance aux antibiotiques. En cons\u00e9quence, les antibiotiques perdent leur efficacit\u00e9, ce qui laisse craindre que les infections bact\u00e9riennes actuellement consid\u00e9r\u00e9es comme b\u00e9nignes ne deviennent mortelles. Il est potentiellement possible de r\u00e9duire cette tendance dangereuse en prescrivant des antibiotiques sp\u00e9cifiques \u00e0 chaque patient.<\/p>\n

Kishony, l’un des principaux experts dans le domaine de la r\u00e9sistance aux antibiotiques, a d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 des m\u00e9thodes de cartographie g\u00e9n\u00e9tique de la r\u00e9sistance bact\u00e9rienne aux antibiotiques. Ces techniques permettent de pr\u00e9dire la r\u00e9sistance d\u2019une bact\u00e9rie donn\u00e9e \u00e0 divers antibiotiques dans le pr\u00e9sent et m\u00eame dans le futur.<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9tude s’est concentr\u00e9e sur les infections des voies urinaires, qui touchent plus de la moiti\u00e9 des femmes \u00e0 un moment de leur vie. Ces infections impliquent diverses bact\u00e9ries, notamment Klebsiella pneumoniae, E. coli et Proteus mirabilis. Les chercheurs ont d\u00e9couvert que les niveaux de r\u00e9sistance aux antibiotiques \u00e9taient diff\u00e9rents pour chaque patient et qu\u2019un certain antibiotique pouvait \u00eatre efficace chez un patient et pas chez un autre.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Il est d\u00e9sormais possible de pr\u00e9dire par ordinateur le niveau de r\u00e9sistance bact\u00e9rienne aux bact\u00e9ries causant une infection\u00a0\u00bb<\/em>, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Yelin. \u00ab\u00a0Cela se fait en pond\u00e9rant les donn\u00e9es d\u00e9mographiques, y compris l’\u00e2ge, le sexe, la grossesse ou le domicile de la maison de retraite, ainsi que les niveaux de r\u00e9sistance mesur\u00e9s dans les cultures d’urine ant\u00e9rieures du patient ainsi que ses ant\u00e9c\u00e9dents d’achat de m\u00e9dicaments.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/p>\n

Les chercheurs ont mis au point un syst\u00e8me permettant aux m\u00e9decins de choisir l’antibiotique optimal en se basant sur l’apprentissage automatique et l’analyse de donn\u00e9es volumineuses de plus de cinq millions de cas d’achats d’antibiotiques effectu\u00e9s sur 10 ans et sur la mesure de la r\u00e9sistance aux antibiotiques dans plus de 700 000 cultures d’urine.<\/p>\n

Les chercheurs ont d\u00e9couvert que l’utilisation de la technologie pourrait r\u00e9duire d’environ 40% la probabilit\u00e9 de choisir le mauvais m\u00e9dicament. Shalev a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 qu’il s’agissait \u00abd’une v\u00e9ritable avanc\u00e9e dans le domaine de la r\u00e9sistance aux antibiotiques\u00bb.<\/em><\/p>\n

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Les scientifiques isra\u00e9liens ont recours \u00e0 l’apprentissage automatique et \u00e0 l’analyse de donn\u00e9es volumineuses pour sugg\u00e9rer le meilleur antibiotique pour chaque patient en fonction de divers facteurs. Par Abigail Klein Leichman, ISRAEL21c Une technologie innovante mise au point par des chercheurs de l’Institut de technologie Technion-Isra\u00ebl et de l’Institut de recherche et d’innovation Kahn-Sagol-Maccabi pourrait… Read more »<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4242,"featured_media":306175,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[28415],"tags":[35004,29798,29313,29783,33431],"class_list":["post-306248","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bonnes-nouvelles","tag-antibiotique","tag-medecine","tag-recherche","tag-sante","tag-technion-fr"],"better_featured_image":{"id":306175,"alt_text":"Dr. Roy Kishony of the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology","caption":"Dr. Roy Kishony of the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology. 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