{"id":203889,"date":"2017-12-05T16:08:05","date_gmt":"2017-12-05T13:08:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kinsta.unitedwithisrael.org\/?p=203889\/"},"modified":"2017-12-21T14:03:11","modified_gmt":"2017-12-21T11:03:11","slug":"israel-les-cles-de-la-reussite-de-la-start-up-nation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kinsta.unitedwithisrael.org\/fr\/israel-les-cles-de-la-reussite-de-la-start-up-nation\/","title":{"rendered":"Isra\u00ebl : les cl\u00e9s de la r\u00e9ussite de la Start-up Nation"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"lead\"><strong><em>David Ben Gourion l\u2019avait pr\u00e9dit\u00a0: Isra\u00ebl ferait \u00ab\u00a0fleurir le d\u00e9sert\u00a0\u00bb. Difficile \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque d\u2019imaginer que ce si petit, si peu peupl\u00e9 et si jeune Etat deviendrait un jour une \u00ab\u00a0start-up nation\u00a0\u00bb.<br \/>\nEt pourtant.<\/em><\/strong><br \/>\nL\u2019Etat de moins de 70 ans et de seulement 8,5 millions d\u2019habitants compte aujourd\u2019hui le second plus grand nombre de start-up, juste derri\u00e8re le g\u00e9ant qu\u2019est la Silicon Valley, 94 d\u2019entre elles figurant par ailleurs au Nasdaq.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Quel est donc le secret d\u2019une telle r\u00e9ussite\u00a0? <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>L\u2019\u00e9ducation<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Le syst\u00e8me \u00e9ducatif isra\u00e9lien se r\u00e9v\u00e8le tr\u00e8s propice au d\u00e9veloppement de la cr\u00e9ation, du sens artistique, et de l\u2019autonomie d\u00e8s le plus jeune \u00e2ge. L\u2019\u00e9cole y est consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme un cadre d\u2019\u00e9panouissement de l\u2019enfant\u00a0: le syst\u00e8me est moins rigide que le syst\u00e8me fran\u00e7ais, les journ\u00e9es d\u2019\u00e9tude moins longues (les apr\u00e8s-midis \u00e9tant g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement r\u00e9serv\u00e9es \u00e0 des activit\u00e9s culturelles ou sportives). L\u2019ouverture au monde est par ailleurs accentu\u00e9e par l\u2019apprentissage des langues vivantes d\u00e8s le cours pr\u00e9paratoire, et des nouvelles technologies d\u00e8s le coll\u00e8ge.<\/p>\n<p>Dans le post\u00e9rieur, l\u2019accent est mis sur les nouvelles technologies et les sciences, comme le d\u00e9montrent de nombreuses universit\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019image du Technion de Ha\u00effa, dont sortent dipl\u00f4m\u00e9s grand nombre d\u2019innovateurs isra\u00e9liens influents.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>L\u2019Histoire<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>L\u2019Histoire du peuple juif permet \u00e9galement d\u2019expliquer cette propension \u00e0 l\u2019innovation.<br \/>\nLes diff\u00e9rentes migrations impliqu\u00e9es par l\u2019Histoire ont en effet contraint le peuple juif \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper un sens de l\u2019adaptation, et donc de l\u2019innovation, particuli\u00e8rement pouss\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Le r\u00f4le de l\u2019Histoire se retrouve jusqu\u2019\u00e0 aujourd\u2019hui, notamment au travers de l\u2019apport des diff\u00e9rentes alyots et leur r\u00f4le dans le d\u00e9veloppement isra\u00e9lien\u00a0: le m\u00e9lange de culture que connait Isra\u00ebl, v\u00e9ritable melting pot, constitue pour le petit Etat un atout ind\u00e9niable. Chaque culture apporte en effet ses singularit\u00e9s, mais \u00e9galement ses exp\u00e9riences, autant de forces dont ont su s\u2019inspirer les anciens et nouveaux isra\u00e9liens pour innover de mani\u00e8re performante.<\/p>\n<p>Enfin, Isra\u00ebl est l\u2019un des rares Etats \u00e0 compter autant de grands cerveaux parmi ses nouveaux immigr\u00e9s, l\u2019explication \u00e9tant simple\u00a0: dans de nombreux cas, Isra\u00ebl connait une immigration qui, \u00e0 la diff\u00e9rence des autres Etats, est motiv\u00e9e plus souvent par des convictions que par des n\u00e9cessit\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>L\u2019arm\u00e9e<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Le r\u00f4le du service militaire est \u00e9galement crucial dans le d\u00e9veloppement de la start-up nation\u00a0: les jeunes isra\u00e9liens y apprennent l\u2019adaptation rapide en toute situation, \u00e0 affronter le risque, et y acqui\u00e8rent tr\u00e8s jeunes une maturit\u00e9 et une autonomie survenant souvent plusieurs ann\u00e9es apr\u00e8s dans les autres Etats.<\/p>\n<p>Enfin, \u00e0 l\u2019issue de leur service, les jeunes soldats ont pour habitude d\u2019effectuer un long voyage pour marquer une pause entre cette \u00e9tape importante de leur vie et le d\u00e9but de leurs \u00e9tudes. Or, aucun doute\u00a0: les voyages et la d\u00e9couverte d\u2019autres cultures apportent les id\u00e9es et entrainent donc l\u2019innovation.<\/p>\n<p>En voulant d\u00e9truire Isra\u00ebl, ses ennemis ne font donc que lui fournir des outils lui permettant d\u2019accroitre sa prosp\u00e9rit\u00e9!<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Le r\u00f4le de l\u2019Etat et des institutions<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Le Gouvernement isra\u00e9lien ind\u00e9niablement fait le choix d\u2019investir un maximum d\u2019efforts et de fonds dans le d\u00e9veloppement de son Etat en tant que start-up nation. Isra\u00ebl figure en effet au deuxi\u00e8me rang mondial des Etats investissant le plus dans la recherche et le d\u00e9veloppement, juste derri\u00e8re la Cor\u00e9e du Sud. Pareil effort a jusqu\u2019ici permis le constat d\u2019innovations consid\u00e9rables. A titre d\u2019exemple, l\u2019Iphone 8 r\u00e9cemment sorti a vu sa conception en Isra\u00ebl.<\/p>\n<p>Par ailleurs, l\u2019Etat fournit de nombreuses aides aux particuliers, destin\u00e9es \u00e0 booster la cr\u00e9ation d\u2019entreprises, \u00e0 l\u2019image de l\u2019aide aux entrepreneurs nouveaux immigrants et citoyens du retour.<\/p>\n<p>Enfin, de nombreux programmes ind\u00e9pendants, financ\u00e9s par des donateurs ou associations, poursuivent \u00e9galement le m\u00eame objectif, \u00e0 l\u2019image de Gvahim.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Des nuances restent toutefois \u00e0 apporter au succ\u00e8s isra\u00e9lien, qui pourrait prochainement se voir menac\u00e9 par l\u2019\u00e9mergence dans le domaine de nouveaux pays tels que la Cor\u00e9e du Sud \u00e9voqu\u00e9e, le rachat quasi syst\u00e9matiques de ses start-up les plus performantes par l\u2019\u00e9tranger, ou encore la fuite de ses cerveaux vers des Etats aux salaires plus attractifs que le jeune Isra\u00ebl. Toutefois, les preuves d\u2019une adaptation constante des isra\u00e9liens aux diff\u00e9rents obstacles ne sont plus \u00e0 faire, et laissent pr\u00e9sager que l\u2019Etat parviendra \u00e0 conserver son statut pour encore de longues ann\u00e9es!<\/p>\n<p>Par Hanna Partouche, Responsable chez Unis avec Isra\u00ebl<\/p>\n<shortcode  style=\"display:block\" ><div class=\"cta-boxed\"><h2>Do You Love Israel? Make a Donation - Show Your Support!<\/h2><div class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"width: 260px\"><a href=\"https:\/\/donate.kinsta.unitedwithisrael.org\/donate\/g4?a=asc\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/kinsta.unitedwithisrael.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/shutterstock_1528562331.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"260\"><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\"><\/p><\/div><p><a href=\"https:\/\/donate.kinsta.unitedwithisrael.org\/donate\/g4?a=asc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Donate to vital charities<\/strong><\/a> that help protect Israeli citizens and inspire millions around the world to support Israel too! <\/p><p> Now more than ever, Israel needs your help to fight and win the war -- including on the battlefield of public opinion. <\/p><p> Antisemitism, anti-Israel bias and boycotts are out of control. Israel's enemies are inciting terror and violence against innocent Israelis and Jews around the world. <a href=\"https:\/\/donate.kinsta.unitedwithisrael.org\/donate\/g4?a=asc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Help us fight back!<\/strong><\/a>  <\/p> <p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/donate.kinsta.unitedwithisrael.org\/donate\/g4?a=asc\" target=\"_blank\">STAND WTH ISRAEL - MAKE A DONATION TODAY!<\/a><\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/shortcode><non-auwi><ad-shortcode><div style=\"margin-top:20px;display:block\"><a href=\"https:\/\/donate.unitedwithisrael.org\/donate\/G1S\/?a=uwi_es_art_bnr_atk\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"no-border\" style=\"padding:0;\" src=\"https:\/\/unitedwithisrael.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/ad_890x100_es.jpg\" alt=\"Donate to Israel\" \/><\/a><\/div><\/ad-shortcode><\/non-auwi>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>David Ben Gourion l\u2019avait pr\u00e9dit\u00a0: Isra\u00ebl ferait \u00ab\u00a0fleurir le d\u00e9sert\u00a0\u00bb. Difficile \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque d\u2019imaginer que ce si petit, si peu peupl\u00e9 et si jeune Etat deviendrait un jour une \u00ab\u00a0start-up nation\u00a0\u00bb. Et pourtant. L\u2019Etat de moins de 70 ans et de seulement 8,5 millions d\u2019habitants compte aujourd\u2019hui le second plus grand nombre de start-up, juste&#8230;  <a href=\"https:\/\/kinsta.unitedwithisrael.org\/fr\/uwi_shortcodes\/donate\/\" class=\"more-link\" title=\"Read donate\">Read more &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4242,"featured_media":129638,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[28415,28216,28416],"tags":[18,28428,3250],"class_list":["post-203889","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bonnes-nouvelles","category-non-classifiee","category-societe","tag-israel","tag-reussite","tag-start-up"],"better_featured_image":{"id":129638,"alt_text":"Israeli 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