{"id":442220,"date":"2022-11-28T13:19:44","date_gmt":"2022-11-28T13:19:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kinsta.unitedwithisrael.org\/?p=442220"},"modified":"2022-11-28T16:19:44","modified_gmt":"2022-11-28T13:19:44","slug":"gran-avance-en-israel-para-evitar-la-resistencia-a-los-antibioticos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kinsta.unitedwithisrael.org\/es\/gran-avance-en-israel-para-evitar-la-resistencia-a-los-antibioticos\/","title":{"rendered":"Gran avance en Israel para evitar la resistencia a los antibi\u00f3ticos"},"content":{"rendered":"

La tecnolog\u00eda bi\u00f3nica combina sensores y tejido humano para crear un \u201cchip renal\u201d inteligente.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

(Comunicado de la portavoz de la Universidad Hebrea de Jerusal\u00e9n)<\/p>\n

La resistencia a los antibi\u00f3ticos es una preocupaci\u00f3n creciente en el \u00e1mbito de la salud p\u00fablica, con implicaciones globales. Las infecciones resistentes a los antibi\u00f3ticos afectan a m\u00e1s de 2.800.000 personas cada a\u00f1o, s\u00f3lo en los Estados Unidos, derivando en m\u00e1s de 35.000 muertes anuales. Constantemente emergen nuevos mecanismos de resistencia y se expanden por el mundo, amenazando nuestra capacidad para tratar enfermedades infecciosas comunes, como la neumon\u00eda, la tuberculosis y la sepsis.<\/p>\n

La gentamicina, es un antibi\u00f3tico utilizado habitualmente, y considerado como un medicamento esencial por la Organizaci\u00f3n Mundial de la Salud (OMS). Los antibi\u00f3ticos de este tipo (aminogluc\u00f3sidos) causan da\u00f1os renales en m\u00e1s del 25% de los pacientes internados. Este es un problema serio para m\u00e1s de 37 millones de estadounidenses que se estima que sufren de una enfermedad renal cr\u00f3nica, seg\u00fan el Centro de Control de Enfermedades (CDC). De hecho, la Administraci\u00f3n Federal de Medicamentos de los Estados Unidos (FDA) considera que el desarrollo de antibi\u00f3ticos para pacientes con enfermedad renal cr\u00f3nica, es una prioridad nacional.<\/p>\n

Un grupo de investigadores, dirigido por el profesor Yaakov Nahmias, director del Centro de Bioingenier\u00eda Grass, de la Universidad Hebrea de Jerusal\u00e9n, y fundador de la empresa de biotecnolog\u00eda Tissue Dynamics, descubri\u00f3 un nuevo mecanismo de da\u00f1os renales inducidos por antibi\u00f3ticos, nunca identificado anteriormente. \u201cLa mayor parte del trabajo en el campo del desarrollo de f\u00e1rmacos, es llevado a cabo en ratones\u201d, se\u00f1ala Nahmias, \u201cy el mecanismo que hemos descubierto es espec\u00edficamente humano\u201d.<\/p>\n

El equipo acad\u00e9mico se asoci\u00f3 con Tissue Dynamics para desarrollar un micro ri\u00f1\u00f3n bi\u00f3nico en el cual los sensores electro\u00f3pticos-aproximadamente, la mitad del ancho de un cabello humano-est\u00e1n incrustados en el tejido renal humano. El chip emula la fisiolog\u00eda humana normal, produciendo un comportamiento mucho m\u00e1s preciso que el de los animales peque\u00f1os. Los sensores permitieron al equipo de la Universidad Hebrea medir la acumulaci\u00f3n de glucosa en los micro ri\u00f1ones que genero una r\u00e1pida acumulaci\u00f3n de l\u00edpidos y da\u00f1os renales. \u201cLos humanos producen l\u00edpidos del az\u00facar, mientras que los roedores, mayormente, lo hacen a partir de los l\u00edpidos de la dieta\u201d, explic\u00f3 Nahmias. El bloqueo de la reabsorci\u00f3n de la glucosa en el ri\u00f1\u00f3n, utilizando el f\u00e1rmaco empagliflozina para diab\u00e9ticos bloque\u00f3 la toxicidad de los antibi\u00f3ticos.<\/p>\n

\u201cSe trata de una significativa demostraci\u00f3n de que la tecnolog\u00eda bi\u00f3nica, que combina los sensores con el tejido humano, podr\u00eda impulsar r\u00e1pidamente el desarrollo de f\u00e1rmacos\u201d, expres\u00f3 Nahmias, cuya empresa Tissue Dynamics, fue elegida recientemente como una de las cinco mejores empresas de \u00f3rganos en chip del mundo\u201d.<\/p>\n

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La resistencia a los antibi\u00f3ticos es una preocupaci\u00f3n creciente en el \u00e1mbito de la salud p\u00fablica, con implicaciones globales. Las infecciones resistentes a los antibi\u00f3ticos afectan a m\u00e1s de 2.800.000 personas cada a\u00f1o, s\u00f3lo en los Estados Unidos, derivando en m\u00e1s de 35.000 muertes anuales<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":47,"featured_media":251181,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[211],"tags":[44907],"class_list":["post-442220","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-luz-para-las-naciones","tag-antibioticos-es"],"better_featured_image":{"id":251181,"alt_text":"","caption":"(Photo: shutterstock)","description":"","media_type":"image","media_details":{"width":640,"height":427,"file":"2015\/02\/shutterstock_160638890.jpg","sizes":{"thumbnail":{"file":"shutterstock_160638890-150x150.jpg","width":150,"height":150,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","ewww_image_optimizer":"No savings - 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