{"id":441106,"date":"2022-11-10T11:16:11","date_gmt":"2022-11-10T08:16:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kinsta.unitedwithisrael.org\/?p=441106"},"modified":"2022-11-13T00:14:12","modified_gmt":"2022-11-12T21:14:12","slug":"israelies-hacen-este-asombroso-descubrimiento-sobre-las-personas-bilingues","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kinsta.unitedwithisrael.org\/es\/israelies-hacen-este-asombroso-descubrimiento-sobre-las-personas-bilingues\/","title":{"rendered":"Israel\u00edes hacen este asombroso descubrimiento sobre las personas biling\u00fces"},"content":{"rendered":"

Un estudio muestra que si hablas dos idiomas, probablemente tengas un cerebro m\u00e1s \u00e1gil que aquellos que solo hablan uno.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Por Abigail Klein Leichman, <\/span>Israel21c<\/span><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

Los hablantes biling\u00fces tienen cerebros m\u00e1s \u201cpl\u00e1sticos\u201d que las personas que hablan un solo idioma, seg\u00fan dos estudios recientes realizados por investigadores de la Universidad de Haifa.<\/span><\/p>\n

La investigadora de audio-neuro Hanin Karawani Khoury y su estudiante de doctorado, Dana Bsharat-Maalouf, probaron las diferencias en la percepci\u00f3n y las reacciones fisiol\u00f3gicas en unos 60 adultos j\u00f3venes.<\/span><\/p>\n

La mitad de los sujetos eran hablantes monoling\u00fces de hebreo y la mitad eran hablantes nativos de \u00e1rabe que hablaban hebreo con fluidez como segundo idioma.<\/span><\/p>\n

Los cient\u00edficos intentaban comprender por qu\u00e9 los biling\u00fces tardan mucho m\u00e1s que los monoling\u00fces en reaccionar a las se\u00f1ales audibles y, sin embargo, demuestran m\u00e1s actividad cerebral subcortical que los que solo hablan un idioma.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cLa sincron\u00eda entre las medidas neuronales y cognitivas-perceptivas hace que la investigaci\u00f3n sea \u00fanica y revela v\u00ednculos directos entre el cerebro y el comportamiento, lo que sirve como base para una comprensi\u00f3n m\u00e1s completa de la percepci\u00f3n del habla biling\u00fce en condiciones auditivas desafiantes\u201d, dijo Karawani.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cMientras que los efectos del biling\u00fcismo en la percepci\u00f3n del habla en ruido est\u00e1n ampliamente estudiados, pocos estudios hasta la fecha han comparado el desempe\u00f1o biling\u00fce-monoling\u00fce cuando todos los participantes operan en su idioma dominante\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uno de sus estudios, publicado en PLOS One, marca el primer intento de examinar tanto la actividad cerebral como la perceptual en poblaciones biling\u00fces<\/span><\/p>\n

Solo pi\u00e9nsalo, y la computadora lo dir\u00e1.<\/span><\/h2>\n

Como era de esperar, tanto los biling\u00fces \u00e1rabe-hebreo como los monoling\u00fces nativos de hebreo se desempe\u00f1aron mejor en condiciones tranquilas que en condiciones ruidosas.<\/span><\/p>\n

En condiciones ruidosas, los biling\u00fces fueron significativamente menos precisos para descifrar su segundo idioma en un ambiente ruidoso, pero fueron m\u00e1s r\u00e1pidos que los monoling\u00fces para detectar las caracter\u00edsticas de los est\u00edmulos del habla.<\/span><\/p>\n

Los investigadores creen que eso se debe a que las respuestas del tronco cerebral de las personas biling\u00fces son menos susceptibles al efecto del ruido.<\/span><\/p>\n

Un segundo estudio, publicado en Cognition, demostr\u00f3 una actividad cerebral m\u00e1s sofisticada en el grupo biling\u00fce, ya que les fue mucho mejor que a los monoling\u00fces para descifrar el habla generada artificialmente.<\/span><\/p>\n

Estos hallazgos sugieren que los biling\u00fces utilizan un mecanismo compartido para el procesamiento del habla en condiciones auditivas dif\u00edciles.<\/span><\/p>\n

Karawani y su equipo est\u00e1n investigando actualmente el procesamiento perceptivo y neuronal de los multiling\u00fces \u00e1rabe-hebreo-ingl\u00e9s y los biling\u00fces hebreo-ingl\u00e9s con la colaboraci\u00f3n de Tamar Degani.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Un estudio muestra que si hablas dos idiomas, probablemente tengas un cerebro m\u00e1s \u00e1gil que aquellos que solo hablan uno.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":47,"featured_media":441125,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[211],"tags":[44836],"class_list":["post-441106","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-luz-para-las-naciones","tag-bilingues"],"better_featured_image":{"id":441125,"alt_text":"","caption":"Dr. Karawani in her lab. 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