{"id":406224,"date":"2021-11-15T12:16:11","date_gmt":"2021-11-15T12:16:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kinsta.unitedwithisrael.org\/?p=406224"},"modified":"2021-11-15T15:16:11","modified_gmt":"2021-11-15T12:16:11","slug":"en-cinco-anos-un-pancreas-artificial-podria-curar-la-diabetes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kinsta.unitedwithisrael.org\/es\/en-cinco-anos-un-pancreas-artificial-podria-curar-la-diabetes\/","title":{"rendered":"En cinco a\u00f1os, un pancreas artificial podr\u00eda curar la diabetes"},"content":{"rendered":"

La empresa emergente Betalin Therapeutics de Israel anunci\u00f3 que ha dado inicio al proceso de solicitud para ensayos cl\u00ednicos de su revolucionario p\u00e1ncreas artificial.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

El micro-p\u00e1ncreas de ingenier\u00eda (EMP) de Betalin tiene como objetivo liberar a los pacientes que padecen los tipos m\u00e1s graves de diabetes del monitoreo constante de los niveles de az\u00facar en la sangre y las inyecciones de insulina. Alrededor de 160 millones de personas dependen de esta hormona en todo el mundo para sobrevivir.<\/p>\n

El camino hacia la creaci\u00f3n de un p\u00e1ncreas artificial hecho en Israel tiene ya un largo recorrido en su haber. Cuando ISRAEL21c en Espa\u00f1ol report\u00f3 por primera vez la actividad de Betalin en 2016, la compa\u00f1\u00eda acababa de ser fundada en base a una investigaci\u00f3n en el laboratorio del profesor Eduardo Mitrani, que a\u00fan forma parte del consejo asesor cient\u00edfico de la compa\u00f1\u00eda en la Universidad Hebrea de Jerusal\u00e9n.<\/p>\n

En la diabetes tipo 1, las c\u00e9lulas productoras de insulina en el p\u00e1ncreas no funcionan correctamente. Los m\u00e9dicos han intentado implantar a pacientes con islotes de c\u00e9lulas beta extra\u00eddas del p\u00e1ncreas de un donante. Lamentablemente, , las c\u00e9lulas implantadas no sobreviven mucho tiempo, incluso con el est\u00edmulo de medicamentos inmunosupresores.
\nLa mitad de todos los pacientes trasplantados vuelven a recibir inyecciones de insulina un a\u00f1o despu\u00e9s y el 90 por ciento vuelve a la dependencia externa de la hormona en los siguientes cinco a\u00f1os.<\/p>\n

La tasa de reca\u00edda es muy alta porque las c\u00e9lulas beta no est\u00e1n dise\u00f1adas de forma natural para sobrevivir por s\u00ed mismas en el cuerpo.<\/p>\n

\u00abEstas c\u00e9lulas deben estar rodeados por alg\u00fan tipo de tejido de soporte, lo que llamamos un andamio\u00bb, le explic\u00f3 el director general de Betalin, Nikolai Kunicher, a ISRAEL21c. Y a\u00f1adi\u00f3: \u201cEl andamio imita el entorno natural al que est\u00e1n acostumbradas las c\u00e9lulas dentro del cuerpo. Les ayuda a funcionar mejor y vivir m\u00e1s tiempo\u00bb.<\/p>\n

El EMP es el \u201candamio\u201d de Betalin. Con un di\u00e1metro de siete mil\u00edmetros y un grosor de 300 micras, el dispositivo est\u00e1 compuesto por tejido pulmonar de un cerdo y c\u00e9lulas beta secretoras de insulina, ya sea de un donante o creadas en laboratorio.<\/p>\n

El EMP no pone en marcha un p\u00e1ncreas que funciona mal sino que, en realidad, lo reemplaza. \u201cEl p\u00e1ncreas artificial detecta el nivel de glucosa del cuerpo y las c\u00e9lulas beta secretan la cantidad \u00f3ptima de insulina\u00bb, describi\u00f3 Kunicher, que tiene un doctorado en microbiolog\u00eda.<\/p>\n

el EMP se implanta debajo de la piel -generalmente en la pierna- y se usa solo anestesia local. Luego, el dispositivo se adhiere r\u00e1pidamente al sistema vascular. Todo el proceso suele tomar menos de una hora.<\/p>\n

Betalin calcula un precio de unos 50.000 d\u00f3lares por implante aunque los seguros m\u00e9dicos deber\u00edan cubrir la mayor parte del gasto: \u00abEl costo de las complicaciones relacionadas con la diabetes y el precio de la insulina es tan alto que el Gobierno y las compa\u00f1\u00edas de seguros se sumar\u00e1n\u00bb, se\u00f1al\u00f3 Kunicher.<\/p>\n

Se espera que el mercado mundial de diabetes tipo 1 tenga un valor de 25.000 millones de d\u00f3lares para 2024. La Organizaci\u00f3n Mundial de la Salud estima que casi 500 millones de personas en todo el mundo sufren de diabetes tipo 1 o tipo 2, lo que significa alrededor del 8,8% de la poblaci\u00f3n adulta. La diabetes duplica el riesgo de muerte prematura.<\/p>\n

Para Betalin Therapeutics, la parte dif\u00edcil es adquirir suficientes c\u00e9lulas beta para llenar un EMP. Actualmente, la \u00fanica forma de conseguir ese tipo de c\u00e9lulas humanas es a trav\u00e9s de un cad\u00e1ver. Se necesita hasta tres donantes por cada paciente para suministrar los 400.000 a 500.000 islotes requeridos por infusi\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

Eso ha llevado a la creaci\u00f3n un nicho de tecnolog\u00eda m\u00e9dica candente para las empresas que crean c\u00e9lulas beta en el laboratorio. En septiembre, por ejemplo, Vertex Pharmaceuticals pag\u00f3 950 millones de d\u00f3lares para adquirir Semma Therapeutics, con sede en Boston, una empresa que deriva los islotes de c\u00e9lulas beta de las c\u00e9lulas madre humanas.<\/p>\n

Seg\u00fan Kunicher, Betalin puede usar c\u00e9lulas beta de terceros como Semma, pero la compa\u00f1\u00eda tambi\u00e9n est\u00e1 trabajando para producir las suyas.
\nEn esa l\u00ednea, Betalin recibi\u00f3 hace poco una donaci\u00f3n de colaboraci\u00f3n binacional por parte de la Autoridad de Innovaci\u00f3n de Israel y el Gobierno de Italia para trabajar con el experto en c\u00e9lulas beta e investigador de trasplantes profesor Lorenzo Piemonti.<\/p>\n

Los pacientes con diabetes tendr\u00e1n que esperar unos a\u00f1os antes de que la tecnolog\u00eda se pruebe por completo. Hasta ahora, Betalin ha realizado s\u00f3lo ensayos con ratones.<\/p>\n

Kunicher explic\u00f3 que tomar\u00e1 otro a\u00f1o y gastos de unos cinco millones de d\u00f3lares adicionales hasta que la compa\u00f1\u00eda est\u00e9 en proceso de completar todo el trabajo regulatorio requerido para comenzar las pruebas en humanos. Betalin ha establecido colaboraciones de pruebas internacionales con cl\u00ednicas en Alemania, Inglaterra, Estados Unidos, Italia y China.<\/p>\n

Si todo va bien, pasar\u00edan otros cinco a\u00f1os antes de que el EMP llegue al mercado.<\/p>\n

Los laboratorios de Betalin se encuentran en el Bioparque de Jerusal\u00e9n, en el campus del Centro M\u00e9dico de la Universidad Hebrea Hadassah. All\u00ed, donde se acunan las esperanzas para millones de diab\u00e9ticos en todo el mundo.<\/p>\n

Fuente: Israel21<\/strong><\/p>\n

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La empresa emergente Betalin Therapeutics de Israel anunci\u00f3 que ha dado inicio al proceso de solicitud para ensayos cl\u00ednicos de su revolucionario p\u00e1ncreas artificial.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":47,"featured_media":255501,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[211],"tags":[36464],"class_list":["post-406224","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-luz-para-las-naciones","tag-diabetes-es"],"better_featured_image":{"id":255501,"alt_text":"","caption":"(Shutterstock)","description":"","media_type":"image","media_details":{"width":5616,"height":3744,"file":"2015\/06\/shutterstock_255586681.jpg","sizes":{"thumbnail":{"file":"shutterstock_255586681-150x150.jpg","width":150,"height":150,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","ewww_image_optimizer":"No 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