{"id":227567,"date":"2023-06-18T02:27:30","date_gmt":"2023-06-17T23:27:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kinsta.unitedwithisrael.org\/?p=227567"},"modified":"2023-06-18T11:33:35","modified_gmt":"2023-06-18T08:33:35","slug":"que-ocurrio-el-17-de-tamuz-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kinsta.unitedwithisrael.org\/es\/que-ocurrio-el-17-de-tamuz-2\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00bfQu\u00e9 ocurri\u00f3 el 17 de Tamuz?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"lead\"><em><strong>Hoy es un d\u00eda de ayuno p\u00fablico (\u05ea\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05ea \u05e6\u05d9\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8) que conmemora el 17 de Tamuz. Ese d\u00eda tambi\u00e9n inauguramos un periodo de 3 semanas, hasta el 9 del mes de Ab, dedicadas a guardar cierta medida de duelo por la destrucci\u00f3n de nuestro Bet haMiqdash (=Templo de Jerusalem) y otras tragedias sufridas por el pueblo jud\u00edo.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>Comencemos por el pr\u00f3ximo ayuno.<br \/>\nCinco tragedias sucedieron al pueblo jud\u00edo en el 17 de Tamuz.<\/p>\n<p>1. Las tablas de la ley fueron destruidas.<br \/>\n2. Un \u00eddolo fue colocado en el Santuario del Bet haMiqdash.<br \/>\n3. La ofrenda del sacrificio diario fue interrumpida.<br \/>\n4. Apostomus quem\u00f3 publicamente un Sefer Tor\u00e1.<br \/>\n5. Los muros de la ciudad de Jerusalem fueron destruidos.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1. LAS TABLAS DE LA LEY<\/strong><br \/>\nEl 17 de Tamuz ocurre cuarenta d\u00edas despu\u00e9s de Shabuot. Mosh\u00e9 subi\u00f3 al Monte Sina\u00ed el 6 de Siv\u00e1n, y permaneci\u00f3 all\u00ed durante cuarenta d\u00edas. La tarde del 16 de Tamuz, cuando el pueblo pens\u00f3 que Mosh\u00e9 ya no iba a regresar, hicieron y adoraron el becerro de oro. Al otro d\u00eda, al descender Mosh\u00e9 del Monte Sina\u00ed y al ver a los Yehudim adorando al becerro de oro, rompi\u00f3 las tablas que conten\u00edan los Diez Mandamientos.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. UN IDOLO EN EL TEMPLO <\/strong><br \/>\nLos rabinos disienten respecto a este punto. \u00bfEstamos recordando lo que ocurri\u00f3 en los tiempos del rey Menash\u00e9 en el siglo 7, antes de la era com\u00fan o lo que que ocurri\u00f3 en el tiempo de Apostomus, el mismo general Romano (a\u00f1o 50 de la era com\u00fan) que quem\u00f3 la Tor\u00e1, y disfrutaba ofendiendo y provocando p\u00fablicamente a los jud\u00edos?<\/p>\n<p>Seguiremos la primera opini\u00f3n. A mediados del siglo 9 aec, el pueblo de Israel se dividi\u00f3 en dos reinos: Israel y Yehud\u00e1. El reino de Israel, tambi\u00e9n conocido como las 10 tribus, fue destruido en el a\u00f1o 722 aec por los asirios. El reino de Yehud\u00e1 sobrevivi\u00f3. Nos llamamos Yehudim (jud\u00edos) porque descendemos del reino de Yehud\u00e1 (Judea).<\/p>\n<p>Menash\u00e9 (709-642 aec) fue uno de los reyes de Yehud\u00e1.Hay dos hechos que caracterizaron su reinado.<br \/>\n1. Fue el rey que m\u00e1s tiempo rein\u00f3 en la historia jud\u00eda: 55 a\u00f1os.<\/p>\n<p>2. Menash\u00e9 fue probablemente el peor rey de la historia de Am Israel. Sin duda, el peor rey en el reino de Yehud\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>Su padre fue un gran Tsadiq, Jizquiyahu, y seg\u00fan nuestra tradici\u00f3n, su abuelo fue el profeta Yesha\u2019ayahu.<\/p>\n<p>Menash\u00e9 convirti\u00f3 a Yehud\u00e1 en un estado vasallo de Asiria (\u05d0\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8). Esto signific\u00f3 que los Yehudim pasaron a ser s\u00fabditos del rey de Asiria y como consecuencia, deb\u00edan adoptar su religi\u00f3n polite\u00edsta.<\/p>\n<p>Para alcanzar esta meta, la estabilidad pol\u00edtica, Menash\u00e9 se dedic\u00f3 a la eliminaci\u00f3n sistem\u00e1tica del juda\u00edsmo, incluyendo todo el servicio Divino en el Bet haMiqdash. Introdujo la idolatr\u00eda asiria, la adoraci\u00f3n al ba\u2019al, la asher\u00e1 y todas las constelaciones del cielo (astrolog\u00eda). Trajo a Israel los \u2018obot y los ide\u2019onim, es decir, adivinos, brujos, magos y hechiceros idolatras.<\/p>\n<p>Menash\u00e9 mand\u00f3 a matar y asesinar a miles de Yehudim que se opon\u00edan a su reforma religiosa. Seg\u00fan algunas opiniones, Menash\u00e9 asesin\u00f3 a su propio abuelo, el profeta Yesha\u2019ayahu.<\/p>\n<p>Menash\u00e9 hizo que la Tor\u00e1 fuera completamente olvidada, por dos generaciones, como dice en Melajim II (21:2-6) \u201cMenash\u00e9 hizo todo lo que ofend\u00eda a HaShem: practicaba las abominables ceremonias [de idolatr\u00eda] de las naciones que HaShem hab\u00eda expulsado para heredarlas a los israelitas. Reconstruy\u00f3 los altares paganos que su padre Jizquiyahu hab\u00eda destruido. Erigi\u00f3 altares en honor de Baal e hizo una imagen de la diosa Asher\u00e1\u2026. Se postr\u00f3 ante todos los astros del cielo y los ador\u00f3\u2026 En ambos patios del Templo de HaShem [Menash\u00e9] construy\u00f3 altares en honor de los astros del cielo.<\/p>\n<p>Sacrific\u00f3 en el fuego a su propio hijo, practic\u00f3 la magia y la hechicer\u00eda, y visit\u00f3 a nigromantes y a espiritistas. Hizo continuamente lo que ofende aHaShem, provocando as\u00ed Su ira.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>El texto b\u00edblico tambi\u00e9n cuenta lo que ocurri\u00f3, seg\u00fan esta opini\u00f3n durante el 17 de Tamuz.<br \/>\n21:7: \u201c[Menash\u00e9] tom\u00f3 la imagen de la diosa [asiria] Asher\u00e1 , que \u00e9l mismo hab\u00eda mandado a hacer, y la coloc\u00f3 en el [Santuario del] Templo\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Es posible que en el 17 de Tamuz, cuando recordamos la introducci\u00f3n de un \u00eddolo en el Bet haMiqdash, tambi\u00e9n nos estemos lamentando y haciendo Teshub\u00e1 por todo lo malo que ocurri\u00f3 con nuestros antepasados en el tiempo del rey Menash\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Por: Rabino Yosef Bitton, colaborador de Unidos con Israel<\/p>\n<shortcode  style=\"display:block\" ><div class=\"cta-boxed\"><h2>Do You Love Israel? Make a Donation - Show Your Support!<\/h2><div class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"width: 260px\"><a href=\"https:\/\/donate.kinsta.unitedwithisrael.org\/donate\/g4?a=asc\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/kinsta.unitedwithisrael.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/shutterstock_1528562331.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"260\"><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\"><\/p><\/div><p><a href=\"https:\/\/donate.kinsta.unitedwithisrael.org\/donate\/g4?a=asc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Donate to vital charities<\/strong><\/a> that help protect Israeli citizens and inspire millions around the world to support Israel too! <\/p><p> Now more than ever, Israel needs your help to fight and win the war -- including on the battlefield of public opinion. <\/p><p> Antisemitism, anti-Israel bias and boycotts are out of control. Israel's enemies are inciting terror and violence against innocent Israelis and Jews around the world. <a href=\"https:\/\/donate.kinsta.unitedwithisrael.org\/donate\/g4?a=asc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Help us fight back!<\/strong><\/a>  <\/p> <p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/donate.kinsta.unitedwithisrael.org\/donate\/g4?a=asc\" target=\"_blank\">STAND WTH ISRAEL - MAKE A DONATION TODAY!<\/a><\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/shortcode><non-auwi><ad-shortcode><div style=\"margin-top:20px;display:block\"><a href=\"https:\/\/donate.unitedwithisrael.org\/donate\/G1S\/?a=uwi_es_art_bnr_atk\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"no-border\" style=\"padding:0;\" src=\"https:\/\/unitedwithisrael.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/ad_890x100_es.jpg\" alt=\"Donate to Israel\" \/><\/a><\/div><\/ad-shortcode><\/non-auwi>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Es posible que en el 17 de Tamuz, cuando recordamos la introducci\u00f3n de un \u00eddolo en el Bet haMiqdash, tambi\u00e9n nos estemos lamentando y haciendo Teshub\u00e1 por todo lo malo que ocurri\u00f3 con nuestros antepasados en el tiempo del rey Menash\u00e9.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":47,"featured_media":193713,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[214],"tags":[1704,1703],"class_list":["post-227567","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-viviendo-la-tora","tag-17-tamuz","tag-ayuno"],"better_featured_image":{"id":193713,"alt_text":"Destruction of Jerusalem","caption":"The Siege and Destruction of Jerusalem by the Romans (Artist David 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