{"id":109440,"date":"2015-08-21T17:08:38","date_gmt":"2015-08-21T14:08:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kinsta.unitedwithisrael.org\/?p=109440"},"modified":"2015-08-21T17:08:38","modified_gmt":"2015-08-21T14:08:38","slug":"como-debia-comportarse-el-rey-de-israel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kinsta.unitedwithisrael.org\/es\/como-debia-comportarse-el-rey-de-israel\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00bfC\u00f3mo deb\u00eda comportarse el rey de Israel?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Uno de los primeros temas que aborda esta Perasha es el del \u00abrey\u00bb de Israel. A diferencia de todas las dem\u00e1s civilizaciones del mundo, durante toda la historia de la monarqu\u00eda, para el pueblo jud\u00edo el rey no era una figura central. Es m\u00e1s, pareciera que la Tor\u00e1 (Debarim 17:14 ) \u00abaccede\u00bb a que el pueblo tenga un rey, no lo \u00abprescribe\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Y el perfil del rey jud\u00edo no pod\u00eda ser m\u00e1s diferente del perfil de los reyes gentiles. Los reyes gentiles eran \u00abdioses\u00bb. As\u00ed lo era en la antig\u00fcedad, por ejemplo, el Fara\u00f3n. Egipto ten\u00eda muchos dioses, pero por encima de todos ellos estaba el rey. Como dice Yejezquel (29:3) del Fara\u00f3n \u00abEl Gran Cocodrilo [as\u00ed se llamaba a s\u00ed mismo el fara\u00f3n], que dice: m\u00edo es el rio Nilo [tambi\u00e9n una divinidad suprema en Egipto] y yo me cree a mi mismo\u00bb. Algo parecido pasaba con los reyes y emperadores romanos, como Caligula, que se refer\u00eda a si mismo como un dios.
\nEn la edad media no era muy diferente. Los reyes no se presentaban como dioses, pero se consideraban elegidos por su dios. El rey no obedec\u00eda ni daba cuentas a nadie. Era una obligaci\u00f3n \u00abdivina\u00bb obedecer al rey. Obedeciendo al rey se obedec\u00eda a su dios. Y de esta manera se produjeron innumerables abusos y ultrajes, en nombre de los dioses.<\/p>\n

La Tora es \u00fanica, y en este sentido, \u00abrevolucionaria\u00bb.
\nNuestra Perasha describe 3 caracter\u00edsticas del rey de Israel;<\/p>\n

1. El rey de Israel tiene limitaciones. No puede tener muchos tesoros, as\u00ed no cobraba al pueblo impuestos abusivos. El rey no puede tener muchos caballos, as\u00ed no tenia un ejercito demasiado poderoso. Y no pod\u00eda tener demasiadas esposas, lo que en ese entonces implicaba, entre otras cosas, un limite en las alianzas que pod\u00eda establecer con pueblos gentiles vecinos (Debarim, 17:16-17).<\/p>\n

2. El rey de Israel deb\u00eda ser un talmid jajam, un estudioso de la Tora. Ten\u00eda que escribir un Sefer Tor\u00e1, el libro de Debarim, (17:18) y cargarlo con \u00e9l adonde sea que fuera. Y tenia que estudiar la Tor\u00e1 \u00abtodos los d\u00edas de su vida\u00bb (17:19) para aprender todo lo que HaShem espera de \u00e9l y de cada uno de sus s\u00fabditos. Su estudio no era para presumir de sabidur\u00eda ante nobles y plebeyos, sino para mejorar su proceder y refinar su car\u00e1cter, como veremos a continuaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

3. Quiz\u00e1s lo mas interesante del rey jud\u00edo era que, en completa oposici\u00f3n a los que era propio de los reyes gentiles (y hasta de algunos presidentes contempor\u00e1neos), del monarca de Israel se esperaba \u00abhumildad\u00bb. As\u00ed dice la Tor\u00e1 expl\u00edcitamente en el pasuq 17:20: [El rey tendr\u00e1 que leer la Tor\u00e1…] para que su coraz\u00f3n no se enaltezca por sobre sus hermanos y no se aparte de Sus mandamientos a derecha a la izquierda…\u00bb. Que note el lector la suprema lecci\u00f3n de humildad: La Tor\u00e1 no dice que se enaltezca por sobre \u00absus s\u00fabditos\u00bb sino \u00bb \u00absus hermanos\u00bb. En el pueblo judio la relaci\u00f3n no era \u00abrey\/s\u00fabditos\u00bb, sino \u00abhermano mayor\/hermanos\u00bb. Y mientras que el los dem\u00e1s pueblos el rey era la excepci\u00f3n en cuanto a obedecer la ley, el rey de Israel deb\u00eda ser el ejemplo, en cuanto a obedecer la Ley.<\/p>\n

La Tor\u00e1 no menciona ninguna Mitsv\u00e1 de obedecer al rey. El rey jud\u00edo est\u00e1 mandado a obedecer al mismo D-s al que obedece todo jud\u00edo.
\nEn los dem\u00e1s pueblos,\u00bb el rey es dios\u00bb. En el pueblo de Israel, \u00abD-s es el Rey\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Shabbat Shalom!<\/p>\n

Rab Yosef Biton<\/p>\n

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A diferencia de todas las dem\u00e1s civilizaciones del mundo, durante toda la historia de la monarqu\u00eda, para el pueblo jud\u00edo el rey no era una figura central.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":47,"featured_media":109361,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[211],"tags":[8520,15227,15226],"class_list":["post-109440","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-luz-para-las-naciones","tag-perasha-de-la-semana","tag-porcion-tora-semanal","tag-rab-yosef-biton"],"better_featured_image":{"id":109361,"alt_text":"King 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