{"id":108381,"date":"2015-08-14T14:05:49","date_gmt":"2015-08-14T11:05:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kinsta.unitedwithisrael.org\/?p=108381"},"modified":"2015-08-14T14:05:49","modified_gmt":"2015-08-14T11:05:49","slug":"filosofia-de-vida-judia-como-controlar-la-ira","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kinsta.unitedwithisrael.org\/es\/filosofia-de-vida-judia-como-controlar-la-ira\/","title":{"rendered":"FILOSOF\u00cdA DE VIDA JUD\u00cdA: \u00bfC\u00f3mo controlar la ira?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Por:\u00a0Rab Yosef Bitton<\/p>\n

En Hiljot De’ot (las leyes del buen comportamiento), Cap\u00edtulo 1 , Maim\u00f3nides describe su famosa teor\u00eda del \u00abcamino del medio\u00bb. Seg\u00fan Maim\u00f3nides, todos poseemos h\u00e1bitos de comportamiento, innatos o adquiridos, que a veces tienden a ser extremos. Y entonces, Maim\u00f3nides explica, nuestro desaf\u00edo es encaminarnos hacia un punto medio, equidistante de los extremos, un lugar de equilibrio (derej haemtsai). En el cap\u00edtulo 2 se describen dos excepciones a esta regla. Dos h\u00e1bitos en los que uno no debe aspirar a estar en el centro, sino justamente practicar el extremismo. Uno de ellos es la ira o el enojo. Bas\u00e1ndose en lo que los Rabinos de la Mishn\u00e1 ense\u00f1aron en Pirqe Abot, Maim\u00f3nides explica que la ira es \u00abexcepcionalmente mala\u00bb y por lo tanto \u00abes correcto y apropiado un alejamiento total de la ira ,adoptando el extremo opuesto.\u00bb Maim\u00f3nides afirma que nunca podemos enojarnos, al punto de perder los estribos. Debemos estar siempre en pleno control de nuestro enojo y nunca reaccionar de una manera agresiva, desenfrenada.<\/p>\n

Maim\u00f3nides reconoce que a veces es necesario \u00abfingir\u00bb enojo. En sus propias palabras: \u00abSi una persona siente que para inspirar respeto en sus hijos…[o alumnos]…. o en [los miembros de su] comunidad, si es un l\u00edder comunitario… debe expresar sus palabras con enojo, para motivarlos a volver a la senda correcta…. [lo podr\u00e1 hacer]; pero, internamente, siempre debe mantener la calma. En ciertas circunstancias, uno puede actuar como si estuviera enojado, pero sin estar realmente furioso\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Hay circunstancias que requieren, por ejemplo, que levantemos nuestra voz para expresar nuestra oposici\u00f3n a algo incorrecto, rega\u00f1ar a nustros hijos o alumnos, evitar una mala acci\u00f3n, etc. Seg\u00fan Maim\u00f3nides, podr\u00edamos entonces comunicar nuestro malestar con la firmeza y la pasi\u00f3n que sean necesarias. Con una condici\u00f3n: en el interior, debemos permanecer en calma. Jamas podemos dar rienda suelta a la ira.<\/p>\n

Estas palabras de Maim\u00f3nides me recuerdan lo que le\u00ed sobre el Tsunami del 2004 en el Oc\u00e9ano \u00cdndico, que destruy\u00f3 cientos de ciudades y mat\u00f3 a m\u00e1s de 230.000 personas. El articulo hablaba de un grupo de buceadores que estaba en el fondo del mar cuando se desencaden\u00f3 el feroz Tsunami. A pesar de la gran fuerza y la furia que ten\u00eda lugar en la superficie del mar, en el fondo del oc\u00e9ano, no se sinti\u00f3 casi nada. Las personas que estaban buceando all\u00ed no se dieron cuenta de que les pas\u00f3 un tsunami por encima de sus cabezas. Porque bajo la superficie, el mar est\u00e1 siempre en calma.<\/p>\n

La ira, de ser necesaria, debe ser solamente superficial. \u00abControlada\u00bb. En este sentido tenemos que ubicarnos en el extremo. No podemos adoptar un \u00abcamino intermedio\u00bb entre la ira y la calma que implique perder la cabeza la mitad del tiempo. Dentro de nosotros mismos, debemos mantener nuestra calma y estar en control \u00absiempre\u00bb. Sin excepciones.<\/p>\n

Maim\u00f3nides concluye: \u00abPor lo tanto, los rabinos nos han indicado distanciarnos de la ira [al extremo], y acostumbrarnos a no reaccionar [impulsivamente], incluso ante circunstancias que deber\u00edan provocar nuestra ira. Este es el camino correcto [en cuanto al manejo de la ira]\u00bb.<\/p>\n

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Los rabinos nos han indicado distanciarnos de la ira [al extremo], y acostumbrarnos a no reaccionar [impulsivamente], incluso ante circunstancias que deber\u00edan provocar nuestra ira. Este es el camino correcto [en cuanto al manejo de la ira].<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":47,"featured_media":108382,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[214],"tags":[15041,15042,6921],"class_list":["post-108381","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-viviendo-la-tora","tag-folosofia-judia","tag-musar","tag-vida-judia"],"better_featured_image":{"id":108382,"alt_text":"","caption":"","description":"","media_type":"image","media_details":{"width":900,"height":651,"file":"2015\/08\/furia.jpg","sizes":{"thumbnail":{"file":"furia-150x150.jpg","width":150,"height":150,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","ewww_image_optimizer":"No 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